…(Communication | Communion | Invocations | Prayers | arb. Salat) To see oneself performing one’s obligatory prayers {arb. Fardh) in a dream means receiving a high ranking appointment, spiritual advancement, leadership, presiding over people, delivering a message, performing a duty, paying dues, turning over one’s trust or satisfying obligatory deeds and enjoying peace. If one sees himself in a dream performing one of the five obligatory prayers on time, having performed the proper ablution and correctly completed its obeisance of the proper standing, bowing and prostrating postures, standing with reverence and piety and facing the Ka’aba, it means that he will perform a religious duty or attend the annual pilgrimage in Mecca. It also means that he will extricate himself from an unjust deed he fell into and repent, or it could mean eschewing evil. Performing the divinely ordained prayers in dream also means loyalty to one’s promise, employment…
Dream dictionary: on peut manvoie ça pr cet num 0820812358 çicereel dream meanings
…(God’s Prophet Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him | The Seal of the prophets | The last Messenger) It is related that God’s Messenger, upon whom be peace, has said – “One who sees me in a dream will see me in his wakefulness, for Satan cannot impersonate me. “He also has said – “One who sees me in a dream, it is as if he has truly seen me, for Satan cannot impersonate me. ” He also has said – “One who sees me in a dream will not enter the fire of hell.” Muslim theologians and scholars differ in opinion about the meaning of seeing God’s Prophet (uwbp) in a dream. Imam Ibn Seeri’n used to ask someone who tells of such a dream to describe the Prophet, upon whom be peace. If any of the details did not fit his description, Ibn Seerin’s reply was…
…‘ who has been keeping an eye on this house during my absence?”’ Yes, sir,’ I replied, not a little embarrassed, for I felt I had done rather a mean thing in thus spying on him.”I am really very much obliged to you,’ he” went on, ‘ for I find everything is all right; but come in for a moment, I can’t talk to you out there.’ Now, as you are aware, sir, the pay of a policeman is no great shakes not as much by a long way as that of an ordinary mechanic, who has no responsibilities and very little education so that when the gentleman fingered his waistcoat- pocket I had visions of something that might come in very useful for my wife and kids. Without unduly singing my own praises, I’m not as selfish as many working men. I only had one child, because…
…In a dream, each one of God’s prophets, upon all of them be peace and blessings, is like a compassionate father toward his son, who is trying to save his child from the hell of this world and the hell-fire in the hereafter. In a dream, a prophet also represents a teacher, a tutor, a shaikh, a warning, or glad tidings. If one sees them standing in a stately form, or if one prays behind them, or follows them on the road, or eats something from their delicious food, or drinks from their drink, or if one is anointed with their perfume, or learns something from them, or acquires a particular knowledge from them in a dream, it demonstrates his trueness, faith in God’s oneness, following His Messenger and being faithful to his traditions. Otherwise, if one walks before them, or leads them into a narrow lane, or stones…
…time. If a suitable person sees himself adequately calling to prayers in a dream, it means that he will be appointed to govern a land which is as vast as his voice can reach in the dream. If one does not fit the conditions of ruling, then it means that his enemies will increase in number. If he is a merchant, it means that his business will grow. Hearing the call to prayers in a dream also may represent invocations, supplications and good prayers. If one sees himself calling to prayers from inside a well in a dream, it means that he will call people from another land to walk the path of God Almighty, to follow the jurisprudence He made obligatory upon humanity, and to adopt the divine laws as their way of life and religion. If calling from inside a well is done from within a Muslim country…
…it means that she will find a compatible husband. Pregnancy in a dream has many meanings. In a dream, woman’s pregnancy means wealth, and man’s pregnancy means pain and sorrow. However, generally speaking, pregnancy in a dream also could mean prosperity and material success. The extent of wealth is measured by the number of months of such pregnancy and the size of one’s growth in the dream. This is true whether it is a man or a woman in the dream. If a young boy who is under the age of puberty sees himself pregnant in a dream, it represents his father, and if a young girl who is under the age of menstruation sees herself pregnant, then it represents her mother. If a man sees his wife pregnant in a dream, it reflects his desire for material success. If one sees his pregnant wife delivering a baby boy in…
…(Holy Mecca | Imam) In a dream, the Holy Mecca represents the Imam of all the Muslims. Whatever happens to it in a dream will manifest in his life. The city of Mecca in a dream also could represent the spiritual and religious standing of the person seeing such a dream. If one sees himself living or owning a house in Mecca in a dream, it means honor and knowledge. If one sees himself living in Mecca in a dream, it also may mean that he will give his daughter in marriage to a noble person. Walking away from Mecca in a dream means separation from one’s superior. If one sees that Mecca is demolished in a dream, it means that he does not perform his prayers. Entering Mecca in a dream also could mean getting married to a girl everyone is hoping to marry. If a sinner sees…
…(Straw mat) Owning a carpet or a straw mat on which one sits in the wintertime in a dream means comfort, promotion, high ranking status and exaltation. A carpet in a dream also represents the master of the house. All types of carpets or mats are included in this category. If one sees himself sitting on a carpet in a dream, it means that he will purchase a property or a farm. In a time of war, sitting on a carpet in a dream means safety from danger. If one sees himself gazing at a carpet in the dream, and if he sees in it the image reflection of a person he recognizes, it means that the figure drawn on the carpet is a person who has gone astray. It also means that such a person will present him with an amazing report that will be infested with falsehood….
…To dream of a white cat is lucky; of a black, either extremely lucky or the reverse; of a tabby, neither lucky nor unlucky; of a tortoiseshell, simply disastrous.Of the many cat dreams that have from time to time been related to me, I think the following are the best examples:Mrs. Smith, who resides in the neighbourhood of Haverstock Hill, Hampstead, writes to me thus:My daughters and I have on several occasions dreamed of white cats, and our dreams have always been the precursors of astonishing pieces of good luck. Daisy, my eldest daughter, dreamed a black cat sprang on her shoulder and refused to stir, the night before she received tidings that her picture was on the line in the Royal Academy. Vera, my second girl, dreamed she was punting on a lake, which was overcrowded with white cats, that swam about with the keenest enjoyment, every now…
…yellow cat chases you, it suggests that you’ll meddle among intrigues and embarrassments that will end up harming you. To dream about a cat and a snake and that these animals have a friendly relationship is the worst dream and omen, and the best we can do is watch carefully around us to find out what can be upcoming. It is said that this dream in some cases suggests industrial, political or military espionage. The cat is a female symbol, both for its natural way of being and because it is a fussy little pet for many women, therefore, when a man dreams about cats it suggests the presence of women in a sexual sense. When a woman dreams about one or more white and beautiful cats is a warning that there are some selfish interests that are trying to harm her, but she’ll be able to end with those…
…(Arabian camel | Bactrian camel | Ride) Riding a camel who is obedient to his master in a dream means solving one’s problem at the hand of a foreigner. If an Arab helps resolving one’s problem in the dream, it means that the person in the dream will perform a pilgrimage to God’s House in Mecca. If he dismounts his camel during his journey in a dream, it means that he will be inflicted with a disease that will obstruct his journey. If one sees himself leaping over a camel in a dream, it means distress, a sickness or a growing enmity toward an insolent person. If one finds himself unable to control his camel in a dream, it means being overcome by a strong opponent. If one sees himself holding the reins of a camel and driving it on a paved road in a dream, it means that…
…(Cage) Imprisonment in a dream means benefits, money and comfort. It also could mean the reversal of one’s condition for the worst. Becoming a prisoner in a dream also could mean making unnecessary and wasted efforts to unveil a secret. In general, prison in a dream means difficulties and humiliation. If one sees a known personality or a government administrator imprisoned or jailed, it could mean the same. If one sees himself incarcerated in a large prison in a dream, it means that he will stand before a strong person who will delegate an important responsibility to him, and from which he will gain spiritual advancement. If he is incarcerated in an unknown jail which is built from plaster in a dream, then it represents his grave. If one sees himself locked and tied-up inside a house in a dream, it means a positive advancement in his life. If…
…Dreaming that you get in a car indicates that a trip that you already have in mind, will happen soon, but with different conditions than the ones you previously thought. Dreaming of getting down of a car insinuates that the things, that have started out well, are likely to go wrong, if you dont pay attention to the details. Dreaming of driving a car in a place or street where there are a lot of people indicates success, but also means that envious people are trying to damage the things you have achieved. Dreaming of driving a car on a road where high mountains are seen in front of you, indicates the desire to climb the ladder to reach important hierarchies, its possible to achieve this through hard work, perseverance and effort. The mountains are a symbol of effort and high status. Dreaming of many moving cars suggests that,…
…(Channel | Water passage | Watercourse) In a dream, a canal represents a woman, money or a scholar. Running a watercourse or a channel in a dream means getting married, building a business, or it could mean finding a job and serving one’s family and community. Seeing a canal in a dream also means sufferings caused by a member of one’s family. Water channels in a dream represent servants or housekeepers. A canal in a dream also could signify a lavatory, sewage, a marketplace, or it could mean a shop. Thus, digging a canal in a dream also could mean prosperity and spending money to support one’s family and dependents. Blocking a canal in a dream means divorce, separation between husband and wife, cutting off one’s blood ties, leaving one’s homeland, or separation from one’s clan. Blocking a canal in a dream also means quitting one’s job or cancelling…
…a journalist in search of suitable material for my pen. It is wretchedly wet and cold out here; let us go to the nearest restaurant and have some- thing nice and warm, and perhaps you will then tell me all about him.”Him! She cried, with such a fierceness in her voice that I quailed. “Him! What do you know about him? He would have made two of such as you! But ” and the scorn in her tones died away ” I see you mean it kindly. Perhaps you are unlike the rest. Yes, I will trust you!Take me to some shop where I can thaw, and I will tell you about Mm.”I dreamed we crossed the park and, taking a taxi to Victoria, found a restaurant where, for a moderate sum, I was able to procure her a solid meal a meal that was…
Seeing one being lighted means birth. Exhibit a lighted candle, salary and contentment. To fabricate candles, joy and satisfaction. See a candle burning perfectly promises prosperity to an enterprising human, health to sick ones, prompt marriage to those living in celibacy, honor and profit in business matters. See a candle burning dimly or extinct, sadness, sickness, distress, delay in business. See the candle that is lighted without a difficulty, promises a birth of great children, who will prove an honor to their mother. If the candle earner is a woman, this dream is a sign of pregnancy and a fortunate delivery of a handsome child.
…(Add | Calculate | Enumerate | Number) Counting apples in a dream means counting money. Counting up to the number one hundred, five thousand or twenty thousand in a dream signifies victory against one’s enemy. Counting up to the number seven or eight means distress or pressures. Counting up to the number nine in a dream means adversities and joining the company of corrupt and evil people. Counting up to the number ten in a dream means completing a project, or it could mean attending the pilgrimage in Mecca. Counting up to the number forty in a dream means anticipating the fulfillment of a promise. Counting up to the number thirty in a dream means promising someone the impossible or telling a lie. The number one in a dream signifies uniqueness, superiority, having the leading edge in knowledge, money, prosperity, mar- riage, child, or it could mean languor, solitude…
…field of sugar cane planted in inadequate terrain, then means destruction, ruin, or archaeological excavations that will lead to exposing the past and exhuming the dead, or it could mean a wailing party of women showing their grief and sorrow. A field of sugar cane in a dream also represents the ability to hide something, or to redo something, or to declare a war, or it could mean signing a business agreement, a marriage contract, celebrating old times and events, freedom from imprison- ment, releasing prisoners, recovering from an illness, or exhuming the dead. Chewing or sucking on a stick of sugar cane in a dream means becoming talkative or repetitive. If one sees himself making juice out of sugar cane in a dream, it means prosperity and wealth. Sugar cane in a dream also represents money that one earns from a stingy person. (Also see Juice | Reed)…
…(Automobile | Carriage | Carrier | Coach | Lift | Litter | Transport | Vehicle | Wheels) In a dream, a car represents someone who properly manages his life, for a car is made from many well coordinated parts, and carries many things and transports them from one location to another. If one sees himself riding a litter that is carried by people in a dream, it means that he will preside over people or beget a son who will be elevated in rank. If a traveller sees a car in his dream, it means that his trip will take a slow turn and he will be delayed. A car in a dream also signifies dignity, honor, advancement and attainment. If one sees himself holding to a car or running after it in a dream, it means that he will lobby someone in authority and profit from him as…
…Dreaming of priests, especially if they are of a certain hierarchy, may mean that youll experience some setbacks in the near future that wont allow you to possess the wealth, social prestige, honors, or the political and economic power that you want, and instead of that you may get ill. Dreaming of any priest indicates the opposite of selfishness. Dreaming of a priest officiating a mass suggests that youre afraid of someone close to you is dying, so youre in a state of restlessness perhaps without a real reason. A young single woman who dreams of a priest dressed in white and officiating a mass means, more than anything else, her desire to get married. An adult woman (especially if she has children) who dreams of a priest wearing white officiating a mass, announces that one of her daughters or another relative is soon to get married. Dreaming that…
A cat in a dream represents a book of records, one’s share from a business, an inheritance, or his work. A cat in a dream also means shunning off one’s husband, wife or children, or it could mean a fight, theft, adultery, disloyalty, eavesdropping, backbiting or bearing a child from adultery, a bastard child, or it could represent a gentle speaking person, a toadying person or someone who desires to be accepted by others, and should he find an opportune moment, he will spoil everyone’s peace. A cat in a dream also represents a banal woman who likes herself. If a cat steels something from her master, it means that he may pay a fine, have a fight with his relatives or children, and it could mean a robbery. A wildcat in a dream means adversities, toiling and a wretched life. Selling a cat in a dream means…
…A caterer in a dream represents celebrations or a wedding. A commercial caterer in a dream represents someone who deters benefits. Pastry caterer in a dream represents a man of knowledge, or he could mean profits. A travel caterer in a dream represents migration from one’s homeland or changes in one’s living conditions. Seeing a caterer in a dream is a good sign for someone who desires to get married. Seeing a hospital’s caterer in a dream does not convey the best of meanings. A caterer in a dream also represents someone who encourages people to work and seek an honest livelihood. To see oneself catering a dinner for his own house in a dream represents a wedding….
The cat in dreams could have many different explanations, depending on the circumstances of the dream. The cat that is dreamed of you and is being your own cat could simply be a reflection of your actual cat. The animal spends much of the time in your life, therefore it is very normal to dream about it. If you do not own the cat, but still dream of one, it could mean that you are surrounded by very mysterious people in your waking life. You should be aware of that and do not trust them, because they will always have various secrets. The cat could also denote to your personality as being very independent and a little bit arrogant person. If the cat is sick, your problems will go away very soon. No serious danger.
…Dreaming of playing with cards suggests carelessness and superficiality in handling affairs. Dreaming of betting money with cards is a warning that the dreamer is risking a lot and that in the end there will suffering due to losses and problems. Dreaming of playing with cards with several people, but without money being involved just for pure fun, suggests good social relationships. Dreaming of losing by playing with cards announces the presence of adversaries waiting for the opportunity to attack the dreamer, even legally. If a young woman dreams that her fiancé is playing with cards, is a warning that he is not a man who would be good for her, since he is only looking for fun. Cards in dreams usually have the following meanings: CLUBS: difficult and complicated marriage. CUPS: Love, fidelity, an acceptable marriage, but not a happy one. SWORDS: becoming a widow in a short…
…It symbolizes the woman, almost always under a sensual and instinctive appearance. If in a dream we fear being scratched that reveals the fear that our perversions become known. To dream that a cat cuddles us means that a woman will use all its beguiling wiles to get what she wants from us. If we make the cat cuddling to us and then flee away from us, then indicates that she will not achieve her selfish desires. To feed the cat indicates problems and amorous rivalries. If the cat scratches us, means marital infidelity or fights between lovers. To see a cat or hear their meows is an omen of betrayals and deceptions. If the cat is white the traitor will be a false friend. If it’s black it means perfidy from a woman and all kinds of romantic problems….
…(Fortress | Stronghold) In a dream, a castle means using the vehicle of truth. That is how the proverb – “Truth is a castle” came about. A castle in a dream also represents its owners, an army’s fortification, or it may represent knowledge, the Qur’an, or it could mean seeking refuge in God’s protection from the evils of the accursed Satan and his armies, such as deities, preposterous or exaggerated titles, etcetera. The towers of a castle in a dream represent the leaders. Its battlement represents the solders and spies. Its gates represent the guards. Its fortress represents the minister. Its hospices and barns represent the clan or the coffers. It is also said that a castle in a dream could represent an infallible and a strong person. Seeing it from a distance means rising in rank or guarding one’s chastity. (Also see Citadel | Fortress)…
…Dreaming of a cat, denotes ill luck, if you do not succeed in killing it or driving it from your sight. If the cat attacks you, you will have enemies who will go to any extreme to blacken your reputation and to cause you loss of property. But if you succeed in banishing it, you will overcome great obstacles and rise in fortune and fame. If you meet a thin, mean and dirty-looking cat, you will have bad news from the absent. Some friend lies at death’s door | but if you chase it out of sight, your friend will recover after a long and lingering sickness. To hear the scream or the mewing of a cat, some false friend is using all the words and work at his command to do you harm. Dreaming that a cat scratches you, an enemy will succeed in wrenching from you the…
…Dreaming of seeing good-looking and fat cattle contentedly grazing in green pastures, denotes prosperity and happiness through a congenial and pleasant companion. To see cattle lean and shaggy, and poorly fed, you will be likely to toil all your life because of misspent energy and dislike of details of work. Correct your habits after this dream. To see cattle stampeding, means that you will have to exert all the powers of command you have to keep your career in a profitable channel. To see a herd of cows at milking time, you will be the successful owner of wealth that many have worked to obtain. To a young woman this means that her affections will not suffer from the one of her choice. Dreaming of milking cows with udders well filled, great good fortune is in store for you. If the calf has stolen the milk, it signifies that…
…Dreaming of being a prisoner indicates that the dreamer is living in an unpleasant environment because enemies are constantly attacking and trying to harm the dreamer. Dreaming that others are being confined in a fortress or prison suggests that the dreamer has the ability and energy to dominate the competition and achieve success in his or her business or employment. Dreaming with weapons in hand defending a fortress suggests that some enemies try to damage the dreamer, but fail in their attempt. Dreaming of successfully attacking a fortress indicates that the dreamer will overcome enemies and obstacles that may come in the way. This dream, in a sentimental aspect, indicates probable marriage, and in married people it indicates reconciliation. A young woman who dreams that her boyfriend is in jail insinuates that he is not a trustworthy person and has already begun to disappoint her. When a man or…
…(arb. £alat) Performing one’s required daily prayers in a dream means fulfillment of one’s promise, attainment of one’s goals, or relief and comfort after distress. Praying at a door, or in front of a bed in a dream denotes a funeral. If one sees himself alone making the call to prayers (Azan) then establishing it (Jqamah) in the dream, it means that he will strive to do good and to eliminate evil in his life. If one completes his prayers with the traditional greetings to the right and then to the left in a dream, it means that his worries and concerns will be eliminated, and that he will pursue the path of love and unity. If one pays the greeting only to the right in his dream, it means that he will seek to correct only some of his religious concerns. If he pays the greeting to the…
…fears are groundless, when, with an unexpectedness that makes my heart almost leap out of my body, every door opens simultaneously and scores of long, yellow feet appear, which, after striking the ground three times in unison, are hurriedly withdrawn. An interval of some seconds follows, after which the doors are once more opened and the most curious, long, thin, yellow faces, half human and half animal, are thrust through with a mechanical and mirthless ” Ha, ha, ha!”These also disappear from view, the doors shutting simultaneously as before. A vast number of footsteps are now heard ascending the staircase, and, almost before I have time to move aside, dozens of tall figures clad in the most fantastic of tight-fitting yellow garments come racing up, and, ranging themselves in two opposite rows right along the corridor, all stamp their feet to the tune of a deep intonated ” Hock, hock,…
…to start organizing things the way they supposed to be taken care of. The file cabinet could also represent the secrets one is hiding deep down inside himself. There is also a possibility that the file cabinet represents box of treasures such as wishes the dreamer is willing to fulfill. The dream could also symbolize the past of the dreamer and the memories he is keeping, therefore the file cabinet is interpreted as the box of memories. Consider if the box was opened, because it was opened, then such dream shows your desire to share the memories, secrets and wishes with those around you. If the file cabinet was closed, then it shows that you are not ready to share your dreams, memories or wishes with those you are surrounded by. The file cabinet could also show that you are the person who keeps his privacy only for himself….
…(Delivering water) In a dream, a water carrier represents a man of piety and trueness, because he practices the best of deeds and particularly if he does not receive a wage for his delivery in the dream. If one sees himself filling a bottle of water and delivering it to a house, it represents his earnings. A water carrier in a dream also represents a gnostic who heals the illness of people’s hearts with his knowledge, love and wisdom. A water carrier in a dream also represents one who can go near high ranking people. He also represents one who delivers people’s belongings to their hands. A water carrier in a dream also may denote evil, burdens, fights, dancing, or whirling. If a water carrier delivers someone a glass of water in a dream and receives money for it, it represents a responsibility or a burden he will carry,…
…Performing the funeral prayers (arb. Janaza) in a dream means interceding on behalf of the deceased. If the deceased is unknown, then performing the funeral prayers in a dream means employment for a jobless person, profits from a partnership, or it could denote failure to adequately performingone’s regular obligatory prayers, or beingoft-forgetful, and distracted during one’s prayers. Leading the funeral prayers in a dream and interceding with exaggerated invocations on behalf of the deceased in a dream means receiving a political appointment by a ruler who is a hypocrite to manage a sector of his business. Invoking blessings upon the deceased in a dream means that God Almighty has forgiven him. Sitting in a gathering where people are praying for those who passed away in a dream means attending a funeral. Performing the funeral prayers in a dream also means interceding on behalf of a sinner. (Also see Death…
…(Debt | Pledge) Making a promise in a dream means indebtedness to the second party. If one also fulfills his promise in the dream, it denotes his true intention, faith and certitude. Making a good promise in a dream means blessings, profits and longevity. Receiving a good promise from one’s enemy, or opponent in a dream means evil. Receiving a bad promise from one’s enemy in a dream means good. A promise in a dream is a good deed. The recipient of the promise in wakefulness is the one who makes that pledge in the dream….
…(Faith | Prayers | Gratitude | Piety | Fear of wrongdoing | Repentance | Reward | Strength | Truthfulness) If one sees himself prostrating in submission to God Almighty in a dream, it means that he will be cured of arrogance, and he will establish the correct spiritual and religious life, quickly achieve what his heart desires in both spiritual and material gains, and he will triumph over his enemy. Prostrating oneself in a dream also means repenting from sin, feeling regret, salvation, escaping from danger, or receiving pardon. Prostrating during a war in a dream means humiliation before one’s enemy, a fight, business losses, or it could mean standing helpless before closed doors. Prostrating oneself before God Almighty on top of a mountain in a dream means vanquishing a strong enemy, while prostrating on top of a hill means submission to a strong man. Prostration in a dream…
…(See Pasture, Pound, and Yoke.) To dream you see cattle feeding, denotes great prosperity, and unexpected success; to a lover, it foretells a happy marriage, with many children; and to a married man, it shows that his wife will receive some unexpected legacy; to dream you are driving cattle, denotes that you will become rich by industry; if you see fat cattle, it denotes a plentiful year; if you see lean and hungry cattle in your dream, it denotes scarcity and famine. Lucky lottery dream numbers – 6, 11, 66….
In a dream, a calf represents a newborn son. A broiled calf meat in a dream means appeasement of one’s fears or glad tidings of a firstborn son, or it could mean distress, trouble and disobedience. If a woman sees a calf adorned with golden ornaments and jewelry in her dream, it means happiness, joy and celebrations. On the other hand, an adorned calf in a dream also could mean temptations and corruption. Eating calf meat in a dream means money gained from a man or a woman. If one sees himself carrying a calf into his house in a dream, it means distress, sorrow and dismay….
…(Book of records | Cat | Reckoning | Siamese cat | Thief) In a dream, a tomcat means a thief or a servant. A cat in a dream also represents an evil and a treacherous woman. The same interpretation is given for anyone who compasses people, or guards them, or someone who harms the interests of his employer more than he benefits him. If a tomcat scratches someone or bites him in a dream, it means that he will fall sick for a full year. The bite of a wildcat in a dream is more dangerous and has greater implications. If one sees a tomcat sitting peacefully and quietly in his house in a dream, it means that he will have a comfortable, peaceful and a profitable year. Otherwise, a large wildcat in the dream represents a troublesome year. Selling a tomcat in a dream means spending one’s money…
…For a woman Dreaming of seeing a cap, she will be invited to take part in some festivity. For a girl Dreaming that she sees her sweetheart with a cap on, denotes that she will be bashful and shy in his presence. To see a prisoner’s cap, denotes that your courage is failing you in time of danger. To see a miner’s cap, you will inherit a substantial competency….