…a dream means divorce, separation between husband and wife, cutting off one’s blood ties, leaving one’s homeland, or separation from one’s clan. Blocking a canal in a dream also means quitting one’s job or cancelling a debt, or it could mean closing a business. Seeing a watercourse running inside one’s house in a dream means blessings and prosperity. Urinating in a canal or a watercourse in a dream means committing a sin, engaging in unlawfulness or molesting a servant. A canal in a dream also could represent the housekeeper who cleans people’s dirt, a street sweeper, or it could mean a forbidden marriage. A dry canal in a dream signifies cessation of business, unsalable merchandise, a dead market or discord with one’s wife, suffering from a urinary bladder, or having kidney problems. If one digs a canal and no water runs through it in a dream, it means deception….

…denotes the truth of one’s promise, or it could mean receiving money, for rent is usually due at the beginning of each month. The appearance of the new moon or crescent in the wrong position, such as in the South or the North in a dream means committing or witnessing a despicable action that arouses abhorrence and that may die quickly, depending on how long will that new crescent remain in that position. The new crescent in a dream also represents a leader, an unexpected happy news or it could represent the cry of a newborn or a rebel. If the new crescent stands surrounded with a gloomy darkness, or if water or blood dribbles away from it, even if there is no rain during that night in the dream, it denotes the arrival of a traveler from his journey or the climbing of a muezzin to the minaret to…

…(Cage | Digging a grave | Duel | Golden cage | Pearl | Sanctuary | Silver cage) Marriage in a dream represents the providence of God Almighty and care for His servants. Marriage in a dream also means imprisonment, indebtedness, sorrow, distress, depression, carrying a liability, or endeavoring to achieve a high ranking position. If one marries a known woman in his dream, it means that he will endeavor to satisfy the normal responsibilities of a husband. If one marries an unknown woman, and if he could not see her in his dream, it denotes the nearing of his death, or it could mean moving from an old house into a new one. If a sick woman sees herself getting married to a man she does not recognize or know his name in a dream, it means that she may die from her illness. If the man who sees…

…(Rodent | Thief | Woman) A mouse in a dream represents a dissolute and a sinful woman, a thief, or someone who feels flattered at exposing people’s private life. To see a large family of mice in one’s house in a dream means money and prosperity. If one sees a mouse playing inside his house where there is plenty of food in a dream, it means relief and money. If a mouse leaves one’s house in a dream, it means that blessings will depart from that house and its earnings will diminish. Owning a pet mouse in a dream means having a servant or a housekeeper. A black mouse and a white mouse in a dream represent the night and the day. Seeing a mouse of either black or white color going about its own business in the daylight in a dream means longevity. If one sees a mouse…

…(Blow | Hit | Lash | Whip) To hit someone with a staff in a dream means bringing back to life something that died away or investigating the cause of a death or clarifying something. To beat someone with a wooden stick in a dream means failing to fulfill a promise, or it could mean lying to someone. If someone in authority hits his employee in a dream, it means that he will give him a raise. If he hits him on his back in the dream, it means that he will pay his debt. If he hits him on his backside in the dream, it means that he will give him a daughter in marriage. If one hits someone head with a stick in a dream, it means that he desires his position or it may denote his jealousy. If one hits someone between the eyes in a…

…(Limb) One’s thighs in a dream represent his family or clan. Anything that affects them in the dream will manifest in his family or clan. If one sees his thighs missing something in a dream, it means that he is a foreigner, or that he does not know his lineage or ancestry. Experiencing pain in one’s thigh in a dream means doing harm to one’s own family or clan. If one sees that a piece of skin is crafted to his thigh in a dream, it means that someone will attribute a son to him, and it will turn to be a false allegation. Thighs in a dream also represent the pillars of one’s house, the head of a household, one’s wife, one’s husband, son, master, earnings, business, vehicle, or wealth. One’s thighs in their beautiful condition in a dream also represent the correctness of one’s prayers, or they…

…also represents a handsome looking man who cares about his neighbors’ opinions. A pot in a dream also could represent a house- keeper. Whatever happens to it in a dream could affect the housekeeper. If there is a sick person in a family, and if one sees a cooking pot he does not know what’s inside it in a dream, the stove here represents his bed, the fire represents his depression and the boiling water represents his worries. If the boiling stops, and if the contents start to cool down, and if the fire is put off in one’s dream, it means that he will recover from his illness. Putting a pot with meat and vegetables on the stove in a dream means imposing oneself on someone to receive a favor. If the meat is cooked in his dream, it means that one will greatly benefit from such a person,…

…(Dwellings | Face | Look | State | Transient) One’s garment in a dream represents his innermost thoughts that will eventually show in his attitude in life. If one’s thoughts are good, then it will show, and if they are evil, they will also manifest. If one wears a slipper over his head and a turban in his foot in a dream, it means that he is carrying trouble. Depending on its type and name, a garment in a dream could represent a man or a woman. Wearing a new garment in a dream is better than seeing an old one. If a man sees himself wearing a woman’s apparel in a dream, it means that he is a bachelor. If a woman sees herself wearing a man’s garment in a dream, it means that she is unmarried. Wearing a tightly buttoned shirt in a dream means experiencing tight

…(Dollar | Money) A banknote in a dream represents a pure intention, a beautiful son, a treasure, an agreement, a consent, deputyship, devotion, straight path, swearing in, testimony or wisdom. Losing a banknote in a dream means losing one’s son or missing one’s prayers. If one sees himself moving piles of banknotes to his house in a dream, it means that money will be delivered to his hand. Though banknotes are blessings and they are what people need, nevertheless, they are also Satan’s arrows. If one sees himself handling a large quantity of banknotes in a dream, they mean trusts he receives for saving or as a business. If one sees himself holding a banknote in his hand in a dream, it means that he has entrusted something to a friend who will deliver it back to him on demand. A counterfeit banknote means illegal money or income from…

away impurities. Taking ablution inside a tunnel, or taking a complete ritual bath in a dream means recovering a stolen object. Taking one’s ablution and engaging in prayers in a dream means relief from distress and offering thanks to God Almighty for His protection and guidance. If a merchant sees himself praying without ablution in a dream, it means that he has entered into a business venture without capital. If a worker sees that dream, it means that he has no home to shelter him. If a ruler sees that dream, it means that he has no soldiers to protect him. If a sick person sees himself taking ablution while in bed in a dream, it means separation from his wife or a close friend. Taking ablution inside one’s house in a dream means that one will move to a new house. Taking ablution in the street or the marketplace…

…(arb. £alat) Performing one’s required daily prayers in a dream means fulfillment of one’s promise, attainment of one’s goals, or relief and comfort after distress. Praying at a door, or in front of a bed in a dream denotes a funeral. If one sees himself alone making the call to prayers (Azan) then establishing it (Jqamah) in the dream, it means that he will strive to do good and to eliminate evil in his life. If one completes his prayers with the traditional greetings to the right and then to the left in a dream, it means that his worries and concerns will be eliminated, and that he will pursue the path of love and unity. If one pays the greeting only to the right in his dream, it means that he will seek to correct only some of his religious concerns. If he pays the greeting to the…

…(Whip) In a dream, a scourge means fulfilling one’s needs, attaining one’s goal, or subjugating one’s enemy to accept one’s conditions. If one’s scourge is cut in two pieces during a fight, or while lashing someone in a dream, it means loss of power. If the rope splits, it means weakening of one’s authority. If one sees himself driving an animal with a whip in a dream, it means praying to Almighty God to ease his burdens and to facilitate his earnings. If one sees himself riding a horse and hitting him hard with a scourge in a dream, it means that he is in dire need and is praying for a way out of his difficulties. If one sees himself lashing a sittingperson with a scourge in a dream, it means admonishing him, and if the other person is scared, or if he shields his face with his…

…(The commander of the believers, Omar bin Al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him.) Seeing him in a dream means longevity, trustworthiness and praise- worthy deeds. One who sees him in a dream will speak the truth, be just and call people to the straight path. He also may be able to attend to the Sacred House in Mecca in an auxiliary pilgrimage (.’Umrah). If one shakes hands with Omar bin Al-Khattab in a dream, it means that he will prosper and live a pious life, and he will be a vigilant and a strong believer, the value of whose deeds will surpass his fame. If one sees him frowning in a dream, it means that Omar is calling for justice, commanding what is good and forbidding what is evil. If there is a drought in a town and one sees Omar in a dream, it means that rain…

…In a dream, a lance represents a branch of wood, stability based on one’s strength, or stepping away from the wrong path. A lance in a dream also represents a woman, a child, testifying to the truth, or going on a journey. A lance in one’s hand in a dream represents a grand son or a blessed son who will grow to preside over people and defend them with his own life. A broken lance in a dream represents an incurable deficiency or a disease that will inflict one’s child. Carrying a lance while riding a horse in a dream means authority with honor. If someone denies his ownership of a lance in a dream, it means an accident or a betrayal. If the lance belongs to a brother, then it means a calamity. If one does repair a broken lance in a dream, it means recovering from an…

…In a dream, a bow means travels, a brother, a wife, a son or closeness to someone. A covered bow in a dream means that, one’s wife is pregnant. If a pregnant woman hands a man a bow in a dream, it means that she will conceive a girl from him. If a pregnant woman hands her husband a bow in a dream, it means that she will deliver a boy. Stretching the strings of a bow in a dream means longevity. Stretching it without an arrow in a dream means planning! to travel. A broken bow in a dream signifies the death of a brother, a business partner, or a son. A bow is broken bow in a dream means that an accident may cause the hand of a brother or a business partner to fracture. Holding a broken bow in a dream means losing one’s job or…

…(Holy Mecca | Imam) In a dream, the Holy Mecca represents the Imam of all the Muslims. Whatever happens to it in a dream will manifest in his life. The city of Mecca in a dream also could represent the spiritual and religious standing of the person seeing such a dream. If one sees himself living or owning a house in Mecca in a dream, it means honor and knowledge. If one sees himself living in Mecca in a dream, it also may mean that he will give his daughter in marriage to a noble person. Walking away from Mecca in a dream means separation from one’s superior. If one sees that Mecca is demolished in a dream, it means that he does not perform his prayers. Entering Mecca in a dream also could mean getting married to a girl everyone is hoping to marry. If a sinner sees…

…(Incline | Mountain road | Steep incline) If one sees himself climbing a steep incline in a dream, it means toiling to succeed in both his material and spiritual life, or it could mean trying to gather the benefits of both worlds, though with great strain on him . An ascent in a dream also could signify a difficult woman or a stern man who can only be handled with kindness, gentleness and love. An ascent in a dream also represents one’s associate, or a business partner who cannot be trusted with one’s money or life. An ascent in a dream also represents the road to salvation or the dangers one may have to cross and the deeds that can save him from hell-fire. An ascent in a dream also could represent adversities, difficulties and dangers. Ascending a steep incline in a dream means danger and descending a steep…

…dream, and if he recognizes them, it means that he desires some worldly interests from such a man. If a man sees himself raping a young woman in a dream, it means that he hides his savings in an unknown place. If he is caught after that, and if the divine ordinance is exacted in the dream, his dream means that he will follow the path of knowledge and understanding of religious jurisprudence. If one commits adultery with an adulteress in a dream, it means that he will face severe trials. If one enters a brothel in his dream and finds it impossible to leave that place, it means that he may die shortly. If one sees himself sleeping with someone else’s wife, while the husband is not minding in a dream, it means that the husband will entrust him with his home to manage. If one marries an adulteress…

after a wedding or after having marital relations with one’s wife means mistrust and loss. It also means involvement in an uncouth action, lacking knowledge of the Holy Book and prophetic traditions, because what one has built lacks a foundation. Flying in the air in a dream may mean travels. Flying with wings in a dream has stronger connotations and is safer. The wings here will represent money or power. Swimming in the air means benefits or business travels. If the air looks opaque in one’s eyes, so he cannot see the skies in his dream, it means problems with one’s superior. If one does not have a boss, then it means that he may lose his sight. If all the people witnessed the air opaque or red in the dream, then it means a major calamity and a trying adversity. (Also see Ascending in the Skies | Flying)…

…his enemy, writing poems, or doing good deeds for the one who sees it in its perfect, radiant and glorious manifestation. If one sees the Divine Throne, and if he sees God Almighty sitting on it in a dream, it denotes his faith, certitude, determination and correct religious adherence. If one sees himself sitting upon the Divine Throne and his Lord sitting under it in a dream, and if one qualifies for governing, then it means that he will oppress the religious scholars, show arrogance and spread evil on earth. If one does not qualify for governing, then it means that he will become a disobedient son to his parents, oppose his teacher, rebel against his superior, issue a verdict without knowledge, commit aggression against others, or if he is a judge, he will be an unjust one. (Also see Allah | Carriers of the Divine Throne | Chair)…

…is alive or dead. The beauty of a woman’s face or that of a child in a dream means blessings. Having two faces in a dream mean a grievous and an woeful end, for God Almighty does not look at someone who has two faces. If a scholar sees himself having several faces in a dream, it means that he is utilizing his knowledge in various applications, or giving a subject several possible interpretations. A frowning face, a crying face, a scarred face, or the darkness of one’s face in a dream also mean loss of job, fear, or they could represent a liar. If the skin of one’s face is cracking in a dream, it denotes lack of modesty or absence of shame. A disgusting look on one’s face in a dream means loathsomeness, and loathsomeness in a dream represents a disgusting face. (Also see Body’ | Jesting)…

…a thin garment in a dream represents her integrity, while if she is wearing a thick garment, it represents her labor and hardships. If one sees himself putting on a new garment after taking a ritual bath in a dream, it means prosperity or repayment of his debts. If one’s new garment is torn and cannot be repaired in the dream, it means inability to bear children. If the garment can be repaired in the dream, it means that there is an evil spell over the person wearing it. Wearing two torn garments in a dream means death. A torn garment in a dream also means a shattered religious or spiritual life, or it could mean that one is pursued by an evil person, or it could mean poverty or striving to satisfy one’s basic material needs. If one is stripped of his clothing in a dream, it means loss…

…(God’s prophet Moses, upon whom be peace.) If one sees God’s prophet Moses, upon whom be peace, in a dream, it means that God Almighty will destroy a tyrant at his hands. Following that, the person seeing the dream will rise in station, continue to attain one victory after another, and he will never be humiliated or defeated. Seeing Moses (uwbp) in a dream also denotes the strength of righteous people, and the inevitable defeat of iniquitous people. If at the time of seeing a dream with God’s prophet Moses (uwbp) there exist a tyrant or an ungodly leader, it means that God Almighty will destroy him, and one will be saved from his evil. If someone in authority becomes Moses (uwbp) in a dream, or if he wears one of his cloaks, it means that he will vanquish his enemy and fulfill what his heart desires. If one

…means the death of such a great person. Dividing the meat of a ram in a dream means dividing the wealth of a great person after his death. Sacrificing a ram to eat and to distribute from its meat as a charity to poor and needy people in the dream means the release of a prisoner, his escape from capture, dispelling distress and worries, payment of one’s debts, attending the annual pilgrimage to God’s House in Mecca, or recovering from an illness. Slaughtering and skinning a ram then hanging it in a dream means stripping one’s enemy from his money and wealth. Seeing a skinned ram inside one’s house in a dream means the death of a relative. If it is the leg of a ram, then it means the death of the closest relative. Broiling a ram in a dream means governing for one year after which period one

…(Followers | Righteous people | Successors) If one sees in a dream that one of the companions of God’s Messenger, upon whom be peace, his followers or their successors entering a town or locality that is suffering under natural adversities, oppression or war, it means relief for its people and reversal of their conditions. It could also mean that their leaders will become guided again. To see the gnostics of a land means increase in one’s knowledge. To see the wise men of a land, means increase in one’s wisdom. To see the preachers of a town in a dream means spiritual growth and increase in one’s happiness. To see the righteous dwellers of a land and God’s trustees therein in a dream means increase in one’s devotion. If one sees past companions alive in a dream, it means prosperity, justice and economic growth for the inhabitants, coming from…

…Realization of one’s wishes, becoming happy. 288….

One night, as far back as 1894, 1 dreamed I was in a desert in Phantomnia, and that bounding towards me from a distance, came a white kangaroo decorated with large, brown spots that looked as if they had been recently painted, and which imparted to it a wooden appearance. It came right up to me, and eyeing me in the friendliest manner possible, said, “Have you seen my mother?” “No!” I replied, “I have not seen anyone here for the last two years, because it is fully that time since I visited these parts. What is she like?” The kangaroo was greatly perplexed. “Why,” he said, “To tell you the truth I haven’t the slightest idea. I thought, perhaps, you might know; but, of course; since you have been absent for so long, it is very obvious you are the last person I should have asked. Good-bye.” And,…

There are unquestionably certain people who, in their dreams, witness events that are actually taking place at the time.A lady I knew, Mrs. P., who lived in Gloucester Place, W., dreamed one night she was in a big seaport town, where the streets were all numbered and laid out in blocks according to the American system, and where in one part of the city the tramlines descended over a series of plateaux. The houses were very lofty, and in one street a single hotel occupied an entire block. Shortly after her arrival, the entire town shook and heaved under the influence of a stupendous earthquake; houses collapsed like packs of cards, and, amidst the most appalling shrieks and groans, the whole city burst into a lurid sheet of fire. Everywhere was the wildest confusion and despair. People of all nationalities, from fair-skinned Europeans and yellow-visage Chinese — of which…

…If one sees himself turning in his sleep and putting his face down, or resting on his stomach in a dream, it means that he will turn away from his faith and lose both his earnings in this world and in the hereafter. If one sees the reverse, which is turning from resting on one’s stomach to lying on his back in a dream, it means that he will repent for his sins. It also represents his willingness to face the people and to correct his wrongdoing. If the subject is a woman, then sleeping on her stomach in a dream means that she is refusing to sleep with her husband. (Also see Running away | Take a flight | Sleep)…

…person of his time. If one happens to be a politician, it means that he will gain greater advancements in his life. If the falcon flies away in the dream, it means that one will lose his seat but retain his fame. If one catches few feathers of a falcon in a dream, it means that some power will remain in his hand and serve his interests. Slaughtering a falcon in a dream means the death of a king or a ruler. Eating falcon’s meat in a dream means a financial endowment given by a ruler. If one kills a falcon inside his house in a dream, it means that he will capture a thief. If a falcon flies away from under one’s chair in a dream, it means that he will walk in the company of a person whose earnings are unlawful. (Also see Indian falcon | Sakr)…

…(Crown | Headgear | Tiara) In a dream, one’s turban represents his family tree, his paternal uncle, or his paternal aunt. In a dream, one’s turban also represents his crown, strength, integrity, state, or wife. If one’s turban is taken away from him in a dream, it means that he may lose his job, divorce his wife, or lose his wealth. The same interpretation is given for one who sees himself wearing a golden turban in a dream. If a prophet of God Almighty, or a ruler crowns someone with a turban in a dream, it means that he will receive an important appointment, or that he may marry a pious woman. Putting on a turban in a dream means increase in one’s strength, expansion of one’s control, growth in one’s business, or it could mean becoming wealthy. If the turban is made of wool in the dream, it

…(Early companions | Legist | Masjid | Men of knowledge | Mosque | Reli- gious doctors | Righteous men) A scholar in a dream represents glad tidings, a promotion, or a commendation and it represents one who acts upon what he knows and says. Seeing one of the early scholars in a dream means increase in one’s knowledge, for they were the wise representatives of God’s message on earth. Seeing them also means increase in one’s wisdom, happiness, joy, and one’s dream could mean that one will stand to admonish people or counsel them. Seeing the early righteous people and the blessed companions of God’s Prophet, upon whom be peace, in a dream means growth of one’s righteousness. If one sees a scholar who is considered to be a reference in religious knowledge, and if one accepts his admonition in the dream, though in wakefulness he does not follow…

…In a dream, nose relates to the sense of smelling. It represents the element of comfort by taking in needed oxygen for the body to satisfy its needs. The immediate sense of physical tranquility produced by inhaling through one’s nose in one’s dream represents liveliness and comfort. If breathing in also includes smelling a sweet fragrance in the dream, then it reflects the immediate results of one’s satisfaction. Nose in a dream also represents an aspect of one’s beauty, or what one adorns himself with, such as wealth, or pride he takes in his father, a son, a brother, a wife, a just partner or an employee. A beautiful nose in a dream represents the good conditions of one’s life. A large nose in a dream means oppression or compulsion. Smelling a good fragrance in a dream means rising in station. If one sees himself in a dream having…

…(Friend | Responsibility | Support) Riding over the shoulders of one’s enemy in a dream means committing a wrongdoing or a shameful act against someone. If there is no enmity between the two, and if one sees himself riding over the shoulders of his friend in a dream, it means that he will earn something from him. Carrying someone over one’s shoulders in a dream means being indebted to him. Carrying a hypocrite over one’s shoulders in a dream could mean that one may work at a lumberyard, or deliver wood for living. One’s shoulders in a dream also represent his parents, brothers, partners, one’s station, or beauty. Anything that affects them in a dream will show in any of the above. Shoulders in a dream also represent one’s partner, his employee, assistant, or a close friend. As for a prisoner, having large shoulders in a dream means serving…

…of sick people, losses, destruction, fire, bad news, forfeiture of properties, stagnation of the economy, losing one’s source of livelihood, imprisonment, breach of promise, forgetting one’s knowledge, ne- glecting one’s prayers, obstruction of charities, hindrance of alms distribution, negating the rights of others, retreating to one’s privacy, rising prices, bad crop, a tyrant ruler, glass blowing, or bankruptcy. As for one who loves to meet his Lord, seeing the archangel ‘Izrail in a dream means attainment of one’s goal, fulfillment of a promise, freedom from prison, good news and glad tidings. If an unknown or a common person approaches someone in the street and whispers something in his ear in confidence, the commoner here represents the angel of death. It is said that each human being will see the archangel ‘Izrail three times during his lifetime, and it is the third time that ‘Izrail, upon whom be peace, will…

…(Blind in one eye.) If one loses one of his eyes in a dream, it means that he may lose half of his wealth, or divorce his wife, or fail to attend to his religious obligations, or commit a major sin, or it could mean that he has wasted half of his life in vain. To be blind in one eye in a dream also could mean expecting something and hoping for its arrival, or it could mean loss of a brother or a son. If a humble and a hard-working person sees that, it testifies to the trueness of his faith. If an impious person, or a corrupt person, or an impostor sees that dream, it means distress, a sickness that could bring him near his death, or to lose one hand in an accident, or to lose one’s wife, or sister, or partner, or loss of blessings,…

…(Belt | Cincture | Sash | Waistband) In a dream, the broad band worn around the waist, also known as a sash or a cummerbund represents one’s father, mother or paternal uncle. Tying a cummerbund around one’s waist in a dream means that one has exhausted half of his life. Owning many cummer- bunds in a dream means longevity. A cummerbund in a dream also represents one’s son or it could denote a big man. If a ruler offers a cummerbund to someone in a dream, it means that he is appointing him to a high ranking position. Wearing a cummerbund without ornaments in a dream means that one will receive the help of a great and a noble person, including moral and financial support. If one is rich, then it means that he will have a great friend to support him and whose inner thoughts and intentions are…

…May, it means a fierce battle, fights between people or public disorder. If one’s dream takes place during the month of June, then it means destruction of evil trades and their people. If the dream takes place during the daylight time, then it means appointment of people of knowledge to leading positions in the government. If one dreams of an earthquake during the month of July, it means that a great person will die in that place. If it takes place during the month of August, it means that an enemy will attack that country. If it takes place during the month of September in the dream, it means that a stranger will enter that town and subsequently, the town will be hit with a severe plague and sufferings. If it takes place during the month of October in one’s dream, then it represents a common illness, safety of pregnant

…in the dream, it means that he will lose his battle. If one sees a storm uprooting the trees in his dream, it means that the government of that land will mass murder its own people. A southern wind in a dream means illness, diseases, or death. A southern wind is sometimes interpreted as rain and prosperity. If one witnesses a slow moving wind in his dream, it means that he will consent to the actions of a group of evildoing people. If the wind blows from a known direction in the dream, it means mercy and blessings, or that one may receive good news from that direction. Winds in a dream also mean asking for one’s needs, or fulfilling them. A gentle breeze in a dream, represents travel and joy. If one sees the wind colored red in the dream, it represents a recalcitrant child. (Also see Fan)…

…(Cripple | Impediment | Justice | Wither) If one sees his right hand paralyzed in a dream, it denotes a great sin he has committed that warrants such a severe punishment. If the right hand is paralyzed in the dream, it means that one earns his money from practicing usury, or it could mean that he is unjust toward a poor and a weak person. If one’s left hand is paralyzed in a dream, it means that either his sister or his brother may die shortly. If his thumb is paralyzed in a dream, it means that he will suffer from hardships because of his children. If the index or the middle finger are paralyzed in a dream, it means that one may suffer because of his sister. If one sees his ring finger paralyzed in the dream, it means that he will suffer pain and difficulties because of…